If the shank is allowed to go past horizontal and certain amount of energy is lost by doing so, so I have been told. The idea is to prevent the shank to go past horizontal to expedite it's return for a repeat. SOme European makers have done as you said but usually because the action is too low or the strings are too high. That is their solution to an awkwardness and I don't think that was the original intent of the engineer. Engineers like straight lines and ninety degree bends. As has been pointed out what ends up in the back shop often has little relation to the engineer's intent. Here and there as well. Bechstein and Masons are notable exceptions. I have seen Bechsteins that I had no idea what so ever what they intended and couldn't figure out how they arrived at their solution. Weird pianos! I do want my hammers understriking a tiny bit initially so that after the first filing they will be striking properly and will do so for a long time. By a little bit I mean that extra .5 mm or 1/32" of extra bore. More than that causes lots and lots of regulation problems. Ask me how I now someday and I will regale you with hours of woe and agony. > I guess the question is, what do you sacrifice > in regulation to get that? The action was designed to perform certain things at certain times and changing the regulation will compromise the engineer's expectation. Until someone can prove to me that compromising a good design (yeah, a big assumption on my part) I will continue to do it the old fashioned way. To reduce one regulation point (or increase it for that matter) will compromise something else somewhere and you have lost something, power, repetition, control or lower dynamic. Compromising the regulation compromises geometry and I am not ready to change that unless someone can prove to me that what they say works. Study action geometry, Pfieffer and others, and you will get the idea that those actions could have been set up right in the first place (but may not have been) and to make changes you better well know exactly what you are doing and what the consequences of considered changes will be. In other words, don't mess with it is you are ignorant. I say this not from the peak of the ivory tower but from the basement after having fall there with lots of aches, pains and blood. The above is why I decided to bore my own in the first place. I can do far better work than most factory "borers" can, for a particular piano. > In practice, you would be able to control ppp playing > better by not having to start the key with a certain amount > of force and back off as the resistance diminishes. I do not quite understand this. Friction, static friction, balance weight and parts condition control more than anything else I can think of. These issues I understand fairly well, mostly. Anyway, I have done a lot of boring and I have arrived at what I do by imperial experience and reading and feedback from others. Also I am a stubborn s.o.b. Have a nice weekend. Newton
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