[CAUT] RE: Bach's Temperament recent article in Early Music (Ed Sutton)

Richard Adkins RADKINS@coe.edu
Fri, 1 Apr 2005 14:22:23 -0600


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Ed,
 Its from Bradley Lehman.
http://www.larips.com/

http://www-personal.umich.edu/~bpl/freview.html

Part one is published in "Early Music"...but you get it ALL here online =
free...

You can download and look at all the stuff FREE from his website, rather =
than get a
Early Music.=20


Richard

See below:

A (0), Bb (+3.9), B (0), C (+5.9), C# (+3.9), D (+2), Eb (+3.9), E (-2), F =
(+7.8), F# (+2), G (+3.9), G# (+3.9).=20

=20

LaripS.com, =A9 Bradley Lehman, 2005=20
Practical instructions to set Bach's temperament by ear
To set up an entire harpsichord in 15 minutes (for an experienced =
harpsichord tuner!), using Bach's tuning method:=20
Recipe
Get A from the tuning fork or other appropriate source.=20
Tenor F-A (below middle C) beating wide 3 beats per second. It has 3 beats =
per second exactly (or double the metronome speed of 89) if we are =
starting from A=3D440; or 2.8 beats (double the metronome 84) if starting =
from A=3D415.=20
Tenor F fourth down to C temporarily pure.=20
Tenor A fifth down to D temporarily pure.=20
Tenor G from that C and D so the fourth D-G beats 1.5 times as fast as the =
fifth C-G. (Triplets against duplets.)=20
Middle C from the tenor F and that G, likewise: the fourth G-C beating as =
triplets against the duplets of the fifth F-C.=20
Middle D from tenor G and A likewise.=20
Correct the lower D and C to match these two.=20
Middle E from tenor A slightly flat, same quality as these other fifths. =
It should beat as a major third from middle C at 4.5 times per second. =
Also check it as a 10th from tenor C, the same 4.5 times per second. An =
excellent test for this particular F-A and C-E is found at bar 21 of the =
WTC book 1 C major prelude. These two major thirds should have exactly the =
same character as one another, although the beat rate is different (since =
the pitch is different). Coincidentally (?) this is at the golden mean of =
this piece....=20
Copy middle E down to tenor E.=20
The above procedure has put all the naturals (except B) into regular 1/6 =
comma temperament, the same as the first half of "Vallotti". Bach's =
temperament finishes differently, as follows:=20
Pure fifths E-B-F#-C#.=20
Pure fifths F-Bb-Eb. This is a step to set the Eb exactly; we will move =
this temporary Bb soon.=20
Tune G# pure to C# and then slightly lower it so the C#-G# fifth and the =
Ab-Eb fifth have the same quality: very slow beat from each.=20
Lower Bb slightly so it has a slow beat from Eb like that of C#-G# and =
Ab-Eb.=20
Make all octaves and unisons pure to finish the instrument: all the bass, =
then all the treble.=20
Summary
1/6 comma fifths F-C-G-D-A-E=20
pure fifths E-B-F#-C#=20
1/12 comma fifths C#-G#-D#-A#=20
1/12 comma wide fifth resulting at A#-F=20
This is coincidentally (?) an ideal layout for all tonal music! It sounds =
like "equal" temperament in effect of its smoothness, but it has vivid =
color everywhere and is perceptibly different in every key.=20
See a mathematical analysis of the results.=20
The complete explanation is in my Early Music article, February and May =
2005.=20
Similarly, the tempering can begin from C or any other convenient note, =
instead of A. The important thing is to ensure that the geometric =
relationships of the results turn out correctly. It is just as easy to =
start the setup of Bach's temperament from C as it is from A; the required =
result is simply that the naturals F-C-G-D-A-E all end up in regular 1/6 =
comma positions, relative to one another. 

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